When the weather outside is frightful, people turn to various sources to try to keep their homes warm.
Sometimes those sources can be just as frightful as the weather. According to the Kentucky Outreach and Information Network, the drop in temperatures can raise the likelihood of people incorrectly using alternative heating sources – such as generators or kerosene heaters – in their homes. It can also raise the risk of people developing hypothermia when they go outside.
Local experts say people can survive cold weather by following a few safety tips. For instance, before using any type of heating source, read the directions, said Chip Kraus, public health services coordinator at the Barren River District Health Department.
“Your (heating source) may not be like your neighbor’s,” he said.
Those who use alternative heating devices in their homes should install battery-operated carbon monoxide detectors and monitor them to make sure the batteries work, Kraus said.
“Test them twice a year when the time changes,” he said. “That way you’ll know the battery is working.”
Those who use kerosene heaters should use the appropriate type of kerosene for the heater, Kraus said. Kerosene should be stored in a container intended for kerosene.
“Gasoline can gum up a wick, and that can cause problems,” he said. “Kerosene comes in a blue container. Gasoline comes in a red container.”
Kerosene heaters should be used in well-ventilated areas and should be several feet away from combustible materials. They should never be refueled indoors, Kraus said.
“Take it outside to fill it up,” he said. “It could spill.”
Generators should be used outside, Kraus said.
“They should be at least 25 feet from the house or any other structure,” he said. “This is so you don’t have gas fumes and carbon monoxide coming into the house.”
Fireplaces are a good way to keep warm, but they should also be used with caution, Kraus said.
“Make sure the vent is open,” he said.
When people are dressed improperly and go outside to do things, such as chop firewood, they run the risk of developing hypothermia.
“It’s basically decreased body temperature,” said Jim Williams, The Medical Center’s Emergency Medical Service field operations manager. “People try to maintain a normal body temperature to carry on normal body function.”
Hypothermia usually happens over time and can result in death, Williams said.
“Once it gets started, a person may start shivering. Shivering is one way the body tries to keep its temperature from sudden heat loss,” he said. “If the heat loss continues, the shivering can’t keep up with the loss, so you will stop shivering even if you’re still cold.”
Other symptoms range from confusion to becoming completely unconscious. The person may feel cool to the touch and complain of feeling sleepy, Williams said.
“They may have trouble walking or doing anything coordinated,” he said. “When in doubt, seek medical assistance. Call 911 or come to the emergency room.”
To prevent hypothermia, people should stay as dry as possible and dress in layers – an underlayer to wick moisture away from the body, a fleece or wool layer to hold the heat close to the body and an outer layer that is wind and water resistant, Williams said.
“This keeps you from overheating,” he said. “The heat loss can keep up with the heat generation.”
Avoid drinking alcohol to keep warm because it can speed the loss of heat from the body, Williams said.
“You think the warm feeling is warming you up, but you’re really losing heat,” he said. “Drink hot drinks.”
People should take care of each other when the temperatures drop, Williams said.
“Even if you’re a healthy adult and think you’re OK, it’s important to check on other people as well,” he said. “Older people and very young people are more susceptible (to hypothermia). People who are on a fixed income may try to decrease the heating bill by keeping the heat too low.”
— For more information about cold weather preparedness, visit www.healthalerts.ky.gov.
Guidelines for carbon monoxide safety:
•Don’t use a generator, charcoal grill, camp stove or other gasoline- or charcoal-burning device inside your home, basement, garage or near a window.
•Don’t run a car or truck inside a garage attached to your house, even if you leave the door open.
•Don’t burn items in a stove or fireplace that isn’t properly vented. Don’t heat your house with a gas oven.
•Don’t place a portable heater within reach of children or pets and don’t use a power strip or extension cord. Look for the Underwriter’s Laboratory (UL) label and carefully read instructions before use.
•Install carbon monoxide detectors in your home and replace batteries as required. If the detector sounds, leave your home immediately and dial 911.
•Seek immediate medical attention by calling 911 if you suspect carbon monoxide poisoning and are experiencing symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning. Early symptoms include headache, nausea, vomiting and fatigue. Carbon monoxide poisoning is treatable.
•If you are experiencing symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning or if you have questions, call the Kentucky Poison Control hot line at 800-222-1222.
Source: Kentucky Department of Health